PJB-2017-140
ASSESSMENT OF EXTRACELLULAR METABOLITES FROM BACILLUS SPECIES AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES AND ROOT-INFECTING FUNGI IN ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (L.) MOENCH
MUHAMMAD WASEEM ABBASI, MARIUM TARIQ, MUHAMMAD QASIM KHAN AND MUHAMMAD JAVED ZAKI
Abstract
Bacillus species are well known rhizobacteria for their potential to improve plant growth and control of plant pathogens. Bacillus species were isolated from rhizosphere of different crop plants in lower Sindh. Secondary metabolites of Bacillus cereus (KUB-15), B. coagulans (KUB-20) and B. cereus (KUB-27) were extracted in ethyl acetate and hexane. Two concentrations (500 and 1000 ppm) of these extracts were applied to Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench) seeds for the assessment of a) plant growth promoting ability b) root-knot nematode parasitism and c) infection of root-infecting fungi. Both extracts at 1000 ppm concentration showed significantly higher plant height and weight compared to lower concentration (500ppm). Root-knot nematode parasitism was measured in term of number of galls, egg masses and eggs/egg mass. Lower concentrations of the extracts showed greater parasitism of nematodes compared to higher concentration of both the solvents. Least root-knot nematode parasitism was observed in plants treated with ethyl acetate extract of KUB-20 at 1000 ppm. Colonization of three root-infecting fungi namely, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium species was recorded. Lowest infection of M. phaseolina (8.86%) and R. solani (17.71%) was observed with ethyl acetate extracts of KUB-20 and KUB-27, respectively. However, colonization of Fusarium species was greatly reduced by both ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of KUB-20 at 1000 ppm
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