PJB-2010-413
PRIMARY CALLUS INDUCTION, SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND REGENERATION STUDIES IN SELECTED ELITE WHEAT VARIETIES FROM PAKISTAN
MEHMOODA MUNAZIR1, RAHMATULLAH QURESHI1,*, GHULAM MUHAMMAD ALI2, UMER RASHID2, SABAHAT NOOR, KHALID MEHMOOD1, SHOUKAT ALI2 AND MUHAMMAD ARSHAD1
Abstract
In the present study, effects of varying concentrations of growth regulators including 2, 4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and Kin (kinetin) was investigated for primary callus induction, embryogenic callus formation and regeneration of two elite wheat varieties viz., Sahar and GA-02. Mature seeds were used as explants for primary callus induction. Different concentrations of 2, 4-D were investigated to study its effect on callus induction and callus growth frequency (CGF). Compact, whitish, healthy and fluffy calli were induced in Sahar and GA-02 in MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l and 4 mg/l 2, 4-D respectively. The calli produced were subjected to somatic embryogenesis and regeneration studies. For this purpose, MS Medium was supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators like IAA and BAP. Maximum embryogenic callus formation was observed in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IAA in combination with 1.5 mg/l BAP and it resulted in 73.51% and 62.33% embryogenic callus formation in Sahar and GA-02 respectively. These optimum concentrations of IAA and BAP were further experimented with different concentrations of Kin for efficient regeneration and it was observed that 1 mg/l Kin was optimum for this purpose. Such studies help in understanding the response of wheat to tissue culture conditions and ultimately promise in improving yield by employing various biotechnological techniques.
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