PJB-2025-1545
Harnessing green nanotechnology: exploring the potential of silver, copper, and their nanocomposites for biomedical and agricultural applications
Amjid Khan, Muhammad Anas, Nadeem Ullah, Waseem Ahmed Khattak, Muhammad Ali, Malik Maaza and Zabta Khan Shinwari
Abstract
This review highlights the potential of green nanotechnology, focusing on silver, copper, and silver-copper bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) due to their unique physicochemical properties, dual biomedical and agricultural applications, and established efficacy compared to other nanoparticles. Silver NPs, renowned for their remarkable antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, are among the most widely studied due to their versatility and effectiveness in addressing multidrug-resistant pathogens, agricultural pests, and catalytic efficiency in biochemical reactions. Copper NPs were selected for their superior performance in agriculture, demonstrating the ability to mitigate heavy metal toxicity, enhance plant growth through improved photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, and contribute to biomedicine via enzyme inhibition and cytotoxic effects. Silver-copper bimetallic NPs synergize the properties of both metals, offering enhanced catalytic activity, antimicrobial efficacy, oxidative stress mitigation, and DNA damage capabilities, surpassing the performance of single-metal NPs in several applications. Despite their promise, challenges remain, including synthesis inconsistencies, scalability issues, and ecological toxicity. Future research should focus on integrating nanotechnology with advanced techniques such as artificial intelligence and precision agriculture to enhance targeted applications, optimize synthesis, and minimize environmental risks. Addressing these challenges will unlock the full potential of silver, copper, and silver-copper bimetallic NPs, contributing to sustainable agriculture, advancing biomedicine, and supporting global ecological preservation efforts
To Cite this article:
Khan, A., M. Anas, N. Ullah, W.A. Khattak, M. Ali, M. Maaza and Z.K. Shinwari. 2025. Harnessing green nanotechnology: exploring the potential of silver, copper, and their nanocomposites for biomedical and agricultural applications. Pak. J. Bot., 57(6): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2025-6(5)
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