PJB-2018-1689
Antioxidant capabilities of three varieties of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. on different basal media
Onyeulo, Q.N., Okafor, C.U. and Okezie, C.E.A
Abstract
The effects of three media, namely; Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg et al., (B5), and Eeuwens (Y3) were assessed for mass propagation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. var. Dura, Pisifera and Tenera) zygotic embryos In vitro. The experimental design was a 3 x 4 factorial in a completely randomized design with each treatment consisting of ten replicates. While maintaining asepsis, the embryos were cultured on each of the three basal media as well as control which were devoid of salts of the basal media. The growth of oil palm embryos was influenced by the type of media and the variety (Dura, Pisifera and Tenera) involved as all the basal media used, regenerated plantlets directly from mature zygotic embryos of oil palm. For Dura variety, Y3 medium gave the best result in fresh weight, shoot length, leaf area, and number of leaves; B5 medium gave the highest sprout rate and per cent sprouting while MS medium had the best result for root length. For pisifera variety, Y3 medium was significantly superior at p≤0.05 to MS and B5 in fresh weight, shoot length, root length, leaf area, number of leaves, and per cent sprouting while for Tenera variety, B5 medium produced the best results for all the parameters. Dura cultured In vitro on Y3 media was significantly higher in terms of total phenolic content and the scavenging antioxidant activity when compared to other varieties in different basal media. Similarly, In vitro leaf extracts were found to have better antioxidant activity when compared to the extracts from wild leaf. The protocol stated in this work can enable a large amount of true-to-type oil palm plants which can produce better antioxidant when compared to the conventionally grown plants.
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