PJB-2019-1022
“Evaluation of diploid cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) genotypes for efficient somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration under in-vitro conditions”
Muhammad ismail Lashari
Abstract
The prerequisite for transformation of any gene into plants requires well-established tissue culture system of plant regeneration from specified cells and tissues. In present study, four cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) genotypes i.e., Ravi, SKD-10/19, FDH-170 and FDH-228 were selected for evaluation for their response to callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration from explants; hypocotyls and cotyledons. After six week, hypocotyls proved the best explants for all the genotypes as compared to the cotyledonary leaf on MS medium supplemented with growth regulators i.e., 2-4-D and NAA in combinations with kinetin. Out of these evaluated growth hormones, 2, 4-D was most efficient in callus induction (95, 88%) followed by NAA (90, 78%) from the explants (hypocotyl; cotyledon) particularly in genotypes Ravi and FDH-228. Moreover, 2, 4-D derived calli were highly proliferative but calli induced by NAA showed moderate growth behavior on embryogenic medium. Out of the four tested varieties, FDH-228 showed the highest embryogenesis (12%) and regeneration efficiency (5%). Imposition of moisture stress on hypocotyl derived calli appeared to have a positive effect on somatic embryos occurrence particularly for 2,4-D induced calli.. Calli of genotype FDH228 gave healthy response to moisture stress and showed significant improvement in embryogenesis (20%). Filter paper between the medium and calli proved superior to desiccation treatment and proved effective for calli induced by 2, 4-D and NAA growth regulators. Calli cultures of FDH-170 showed fair improvement in somatic embryogenesis (15%) whereas SKD-10/19 and Ravi exhibited poor response. The genotype idenified as FDH-228 in present study may be used as candidate diploid cottoncultivar to transform any gene by genetic transformation for fundamental and applied research.
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