PJB-2019-984
Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and water stress on stomatal traits of green pepper (Capsicum annuum)
Xiaodong Fan
Abstract
ABSTRACT We examined the interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration and water stress on stomatal density, stomatal opening, and the spatial distribution pattern of stomata with environmental growth chambers automatically controlling CO2 concentration at 400 μmol mol-1 (a[CO2]) or 800 μmol mol-1 (e[CO2]). Soil water was treated with full irrigation (75-85% field capacity), mild stress (65-75% field capacity), moderate stress (55-65% field capacity), and severe stress (45-55% field capacity). We found that e[CO2] increased the stomatal density by 65% and 79% on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces, when green peper plants were treated with mild water stress at the anthesis stage.Water stress obviously changed the stomatal density (SD) at both the early anthesis and maturation stages, whereas had little effect on the SD at the anthesis stage. Moreover, water stress also altered the stomatal aperture size and shape at the early anthesis stage. As a result, e[CO2] and water stress not only changed the SD at the early anthesis and anthesis stages, but also modifyed the stomatal opening at the maturation stage. In addition, elevated CO2 concentration and water stress made the distribution of stomata more regular on both leaf surfaces of green pepper plants. These results suggest that green pepper plants in response to e[CO2] and water stress not only through modifying the morphological traits of individual stoma, but also by adjusting the spatial distribution pattern of stomata. Key words: elevated CO2 concentration, water stress, green pepper, stomatal density, stomatal opening, spatial distribution pattern.
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