PJB-2019-795
COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF WILD AND CULTIVATED RHIZOME OF ALEPIDEA AMATYMBICA ECKL&ZEYH USING BRINE SHRIMP (ARTEMIA SALINA)
Ramatsobane Maureen Mangoale
Abstract
This study was designed to assess and compare the toxicity of wild and cultivated Alepidea amatymbica. Toxicity of the methanol, water and acetone extracts of the fresh rhizome of the wild and cultivated A. amatymbica were evaluated using hatchability of cysts and lethality on the hatched cysts (nauplii) of Artemia salina. The highest hatching success was observed in the water extracts of the wild plant (46.16%) with a MIC of 0.184 mg/ml while the cultivated plants had a hatching success of 40.83% with MIC of 0.208 mg/ml. The highest mortality was observed in the acetone extract of the wild plants at the lethal dose of 0.191 mg/ml while the cultivated plant had a lethal dose of 0.270 mg/ml. Water extracts of both wild and cultivated plants showed similar lethal dose (LD50) of >1 mg/ml. Methanol extracts of both the wild and cultivated species exhibited almost the same level of toxicity (0.695 mg/ml and 0.628 mg/ml, respectively). Based on the Bastos criterion of toxicity indices of the lethality test, all the plant fractions demonstrated cytotoxicity effect, although the degree of their toxicity varied among the plants used. The results suggest that there is no wide variation in the toxicity of the wild and cultivated A. amatymbica, which indicates that cultivation could be an option for highly traded-medicinal plants.
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