PJB-2019-717
Assessing allelopathic potential of Sonchus oleraceus (milk thistle) on red rice
Muhammad Ather Nadeem
Abstract
Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus was evaluated on the germination and seedling growth of Oryza punctata at the weed science laboratory of Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The experiment comprised aqueous extract leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus at varying concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 and 8.00 % along with a control where distilled water was applied. Significantly differential results of treatment means were recorded by the application of weed aqueous extracts on the seed germination and seedling growth of red rice. S. oleraceus aqueous extracts especially at high concentrations significantly posed inhibitory effects towards the seedling growth and germination of red rice. Although at lower doses stimulatory effects towards the seedling growth of plants was observed. Most pronounced inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth of both plant species was recorded with leaf and fruit aqueous extracts at high concentrations. The higher concentrations were proved inhibitorier towards seedling growth and germination. Significant reduction in seedlings root shoot length and fresh and dry weights of plants were recorded. The allelochemicals present in the weeds aqueous extracts of different parts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormeotic responses depending upon the varying concentrations and the plant part. The inhibitory effects of weeds aqueous extracts are accredited to the presence of phytotoxic substances that posed negative effects on germination and seedling growth of other weeds and crops. While stimulatory effect at lower concentration was due to hormeotic response of allelochemicals. Allelopathy is the best alternative of chemical herbicides without posing negative effects on the crops growth of weeds can be controlled.
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