PJB-2019-675
Hypocotyl, Cotyledon and Leaf Explants Organogenesis of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Sandra and Rocky
Gharbia Hormiz Danial
Abstract
Abstract In vitro regeneration protocols were established for two Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars (Sandra and Rocky) grown in Kurdistan region using hypocotyl, cotyledonous leaves and leaf explants. The explants excised from 12-15 days old of in vitro plantlets cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. High organogenesis percentage (100%) was achieved from hypocotyl grown in MS medium augmented with 1.0mgl-1 BA+ 0.5mgl-1 kinetin, which record approximately 3.75 in Sandra and 4.09 in Rocky cultivar as average number of shoots produced from each explant. While the highest organogenesis percentage (100%) was formed from cotyledon leaves using 1.5 mgl-1 BA+0.5mgl-1 kinetin that gave around 3.5 in Sandra cultivar as average number of shoots / explant. In contrast, the highest organogenesis was found on MS medium supplemented with 2.0mgl-1 BA+1.0 mgl-1 kinetin and the average number of shoots produced from each explant were approximately 3.17 in Rocky cultivar. The results of combination between 5.0mgl-1 BA with (0.0, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0)mgl-1 NAA, indicated that the highest organogenesis percentage was recorded from hypocotyl (91.67 % with 6.5 shoots/explant and 66.67% with 4.0 shoots/ explant) in Sandra and Rocky cultivars respectively grown on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mgl-1 BA alone. While the highest organogenesis percentage (100%) was induced from cotyledonous leaves in both cultivars (3.67 shoots for Sandra and 3.08 for Rocky) on MS medium supplemented with 5.0mgl-1 BA +0.2mgl-1 NAA. Meanwhile, the highest organogenesis percentage was obtained from leaf explants for both cultivars on the combination of 1.0mgl-1 BA +0.5mgl-1 kinetin, (77.78% and 66.67%) in Sandra and Rocky cultivars respectively. The regenerated plants were successfully transplanted to the field for acclimatization
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