PJB-2019-612
Investigating the effect of meristem size, temperature and duration of thermotherapy on (PPV and PNRSV) virus elimination from Peach (Prunus persica)
Reza Zarghami
Abstract
Viral diseases, especially the plum pox virus (PPV), and the prunus necrotic ring spot virus (PNRSV), are cause of serious damage to most of the stone fruits, including peaches. The aim of this study is produce the healthy peach seedlings for reproduction and virus-free arbor foundation. Nanosilver treatment with concentrations of 0, 75, 100 and 125 ppm, were used for disinfection and elimination of bacterial and fungal contaminations of samples taken from the maternal gardens. Three peach varieties including Dexired, Redtop and Alberta were used as donor plants. The results showed that 100 ppm treatment is the best choice for removing bacterial contamination from samples of all cultivars. In the next step, in order to eliminate the plum pox virus (PPV) and the prunus necrotic ring spot virus (PNRSV) contamination from two Dexired and Redtop, heat treatments were applied at three temperatures of 37, 38 and 39 °C, in two time periods of 10 and 15 days, and the meristem culture in three sizes of 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mm. Initially, the presence of two PPV and PNRSV in maternal samples was investigated by ELISA method and demonstrated all of the explants were infected with both viruses. Thermotherapy treatments and meristem culture were performed in in vitro condition. The seedlings regenerated from meristem culture were tested by ELISA and RT-PCR. The results showed that the thermotherapy treatment at 38 °C and the meristem in 0.5 mm in size were very effective in elimination of both viruses. Also, the response of the two viruses to the treatments of this study were different. Virus free detected seedlings were reproduced and rooted then transferred into the pots so that they could be used to found a maternal gardens.
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