PJB-2019-398
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG SELECTED SPECIES OF FAMILY VERBENACEAE USING CHLOROPLAST rps14 GENE
AYESHA MALIK
Abstract
Family Verbenaceae is found in tropic, subtropic region of the world and well known for ornamental, medicinal and bioremediation purposes. The phylogenetic studies are needed for determination of evolutionary relationship among species, comparative genomics, and pattern of evolution of many morphological, chemical characters. In previous studies rps14 gene had not been used for phylogenetic studies of Verbenaceae. Therefore the present study deals with phylogenetic relationship among selected species of family Verbenaceae on the basis of rps14 gene, monophyly, paraphyly and structural authentication of rps14 protein. The rps14 gene was amplified and sequenced for selected species of Verbenaceae. The sequence analysis was done by various bioinformatics tools such as MEGA7, I-TASSER and RAMPAGE. The phylogram illustrates genetic distance of 0.01 in nucleotide and amino acid tree. The range of genetic diversity calculated by Pairwise distance was 0.0133 to 0.1110 with mean distance of 0.06 between selected species represents close phylogenetic association among them. The Vitex trifolia has lowest genetic diversity of 0.0133. Whereas Verbena incisa has highest genetic diversity of 0.1110. The phylogenetic tree depicted close relationship of Verbena officinalis and Verbena tenuuisecta with bootstrap value (BS) value of 98 % in nucleotide tree and 54% in protein based tree. The Vitex trifolia and Vitex agnus castus have shown close phylogenetic association with BS value of 99 % in nucleotide tree and 85% in protein based tree. The 3D proteins structures for rps14 protein of nineteen species were constructed through I-TASSER and the authentication of 3D protein models were done through RAMPAGE. The 3D protein model illustrated that rps14 protein from Gmellina phillipensis, Clerodendrum umbellatum and Clerodendrum calamitosum possesses good quality structure having less than ≤ 2 % residues in outlier region. The nucleotide and k8amino acid tree show monophyly of family Verbenaceae.
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