PJB-2018-1054
PHYTODIVERSITY, BIOLOGICAL SPECTRUM AND ETHNOBOTANY OF SADDA LOWER KURRAM, PAKISTAN
Said Muhammad
Abstract
To determine the floristic composition and ecological characterization of the western part of lower Kurram Agency during 2015 and 2016. The study was carried out to collect plant specimens from Sadda lower Kurram Agency, collected materials were dried and mounted on Herbarium sheets through standard method for preservation and identification. Leaf size and life forms were done by Raunchier classification. For ethnobotanical study literature was consulted. There were 100 plant species belonging to 60 families. Asteraceae (11.66%) was the leading family followed by Poaceae (8.33%), Papilonaceae (8.33), Solanaceae (8.33), Mimosaceae (8.33) and Moraceae (6.66%) Cuscuta reflexa was the only parasite. Biological spectrum of plant species reflected that Therophytes and Megaphanerophytes were the dominant life forms, followed by Nanophanerophytes. Microphylls (33%), Nanophylls (26%) dominated the study area which was followed by Mesophylls leaf size. phenologically flowers were on the peak in April (28%) followed by March (26%). July (27%) and June (22%) were recorded as fruiting range respectively. As the therophytes was the leading life form, which reflect that the area is highly fragmented and is under heavy anthropogenic impact due to over grazing and deforestation. The vegetation presents physiognomic range from grasses to trees.
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