PJB-2018-898
SENSITIVITY OF CHARCOAL ROT CAUSING FUNGUS MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA TO FUNGICIDES
Umer Iqbal
Abstract
No fungicides have been registered to control Macrophomina phaseolina in Pakistan. Therefore, in the present study, nine fungicides belonging to different groups were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo effectiveness against M. phaseolina. Highly significant inhibitory effects of fungicides were recorded on the growth of M. phaseolina. All the fungicides caused significant inhibition of the fungus over control. Maximum individual inhibition of growth of the fungus was recorded with Benomyl (83.89%) followed by Carbendazim (79.11%) at a concentration of 150 ppm. Copper oxychloride at a concentration of 50 ppm gave the minimum inhibition (12.50%). Concentrations also had significant inhibitory effects on the growth of the fungus. All the fungicides caused maximum inhibition of the growth of the fungus at a concentration of 150 ppm. With a decrease in the concentration, the inhibition in the growth also decreased. The inhibition of growth was found to be directly proportional to the concentration. Fungicides also affected significantly the plant survival of mungbean and mashbean over control. Maximum plant survival was observed where the seeds were treated with Benomyl followed by Carbendazim. However, Copper + Mancozeb and Copper oxychloride treated seeds gave the minimum germination and survival of plants. Doses also had a significant effect on the germination and plant survival. Maximum germination and survival was recorded where the seeds were treated with a concentration of 150 ppm and minimum was recorded in case of 50 ppm concentration. With a decrease in the concentration, the germination and survival decreased significantly showing a direct relationship between concentrations and plant survival. Benomyl at 150 ppm concentration showed the highest rate of plant survival of 76.67% whereas Carbendazim and Propineb with same concentration exhibited 66.67 and 63.33% plant survival respectively. Copper oxychloride proved to be the least effective.
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