PJB-2018-876
TAXONOMIC, PHYSICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FOUR SPECIES OF AGAVACEAS WITH POTENTIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE FIBERS FROM THE LEAVES
Edith Jiménez-Muñoz
Abstract
The aim of the study was to characterize taxonomic, physical and morphologically distinct species agaváceas tequila, mezcal and pulque grown in different regions of Mexico. Four species were evaluated Agave Lechuguilla Torr. and Agave salmiana B. Otto ex Salm-Dick, both the state of Hidalgo; Agave angustifolia Haw. the state of Oaxaca and Agave tequilana Weber, Var. Azul, Jalisco. The work was divided into two blocks: botanist and physician. In the botanical block classification and taxonomic characterization of phenological, ecological and ethnobotanical database was made. In the physical block size and leaf characteristics of the leaves and the plant is characterized. They analyzed moisture, fiber granulometry and scanning electron microscopy to assess fiber morphologies. From the results of physical characterization and fiber lengths found, we concluded that there is high potential for the production of cellulose pulp. The species A. angustifolia and A. tequilana were presented minor percentage of sizes <0.5 mm that could affect an alkaline pulping process. For the species A. tequilana 98.5% fibers <1 mm being the majority corresponding to the fraction 0.5-1.0 mm (84.3%) which corresponds to a size suitable for cellulosic pulp papermaking was obtained. The species A. angustifolia showed a 85.06% fibers <1 mm fraction between 0.5-1.0 mm majority (65.2%).
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