PJB-2018-497
Phenotypic Diversity of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) Germplasm in Kashmir: A North-Western State of India Running title: Phenotypic diversity of apple in Kashmir
Jahangir Ahmad dar
Abstract
Kashmir Valley represents the richest repository of apple germplasm in India. A total of 150 cultivars besides some unknown genotypes exist here. The present study includes only nineteen cultivars which are commercially most important. The fruit characteristics such as shape, weight, skin colour, firmness, pH and TSS are the most important market value traits which together determine the quality of apple and its commercial success. The cultivars Red Delicious, Kullu Delicious, Delicious Ambri, Kashmiri Ambri, Lal Ambri and Vilayati Ambri with highest fruit weight, firmness and TSS values possess the best market value traits. UPGMA cluster analysis distinguished all the cultivars into two main clusters which further divided into sub clusters. Fruit weight was a clear separation between the clusters. The cluster I comprised of 8 cultivars having largest fruit weight values ranging from 172.47 – 247.94g while as the cluster II comprised of 11 cultivars with smallest fruit weight ranging from 92.46 – 158.50g. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to study correlation among the variables. The first three components with eigen values were able to explain more than 70% of the total trait variation. PC1, PC2 and PC3 accounted for 30.697%, 27.341% and 12.932% trait variability respectively.
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