PJB-2018-443
Determinants of Salt Tolerance in [Glycine max (L.)
Sibgha Noreen
Abstract
Abstract
The selection of salt tolerant crop species in response to different salinity levels is a pre-requisite as an adaptative measure under different ecological conditions. The potential yield of arable crops vary greatly due to their genetic make-up, quality of irrigation water and particularly farm management practices in saline areas. Thereby, research studies were conducted at Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan- Pakistan during crop season 2016. The treatments were consisted of two factors, (a) soybean seven lines, “NARC-1”, “NARC-2”, “D.A”, “Ajmeri”, “PSC-60”, “Rawal-1” and “William-82”, and (b) two salt levels, 0, 150 mM (NaCl), arranged in a completely randomized design and repeated five times. The salt level was raised stepwise by 50 mM (NaCl) within week duration. The seedlings were harvested at day 28 after complete germination. The result showed that lines differed significantly in germination percentage, biological yield, chlorophyll constituents and ionic concentration. The lines were categorized in response to salinity in three groups, i.e., highly salt-tolerant (NARC-1.NARC-2); moderate salt-tolerant (Rawal-1, D.A, PSC-60) and salt-sensitive (William-82, Ajmeri) ones. The soybean lines “NARC-1” and “NARC-2” produced significantly higher biological yield in comparison with other lines on soil with addition of 150 mM (NaCl) solution. The values of chlorophyll constituents (‘a’ and ‘b’) were reduced significantly in the sensitive lines, compared to salt-tolerant ones. The imposition of saliently at the level of 150 mM (NaCl) caused reduction in total soluble proteins and free amino acids in salt-tolerant lines, NARC-1 and NARC-2 by a quantum of 10 percent over non-saline soil; whereas, reduction of 20-25% was recorded in moderately salt-tolerant lines. The concentration of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were increased with simultaneously reduction in catalase (CAT) under saline environment in comparison with non-saline conditions. The analysis of SDS-PAGE indicated different binding pattern in salt-tolerant and sensitive soybean lines. The lines “NARC-1” and “NARC-2” were found to be salt-tolerant compared to other lines, when exposed to 150 mM (NaCl) salt stress. The salt-resistant lines “NARC-1” and “NARC-2” accumulated higher amounts of K+ ion in shoot and root organs, while concurrent lowering down amount of Na+ ion in these parts of plant. The findings from this research study showed that salt-tolerant lines, namely, “NARC-1” and “NARC-2” may be cultivated on saline soils by the soybean farmers. The farmers will harvest the potential yield of these two soybean lines on salt-affected areas.
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