PJB-2018-307
ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF BRICK KILN POLLUTION ON PLANTS AND CROPS OF NEAR BY AREAS FROM DISTRICT BHIMBER AJK PAKISTAN
MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The current study was conducted to explore the special effects of brick kilns on crops and plants. The study consists of chemical and physical analysis of soil, water and plants of sampling site from Bhimber Azad Kashmir. In this research five plants are used. These are named as mango (Mangifera indica L.), toot (Morus alba L.), Beri (Ziziphus jujuba M.), millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), wheat (Triticum vulgare V.) were selected for the research purpose. The samples were collected from two different sites control site (Bhimber Rajani) and polluted site (Machia). Soil fertility potential was measured by soil pH, soil texture, total soluble salts, organic matter and micronutrients. One soil sample taken from control site was sandy loam in texture, soil pH 6.75 and total soluble salts 0.1%. The other soil sample from polluted site was clay loam in texture, pH 7.03, total soluble salts 0.2%. Water analysis of fresh water have 6.7 pH, microbes are present, suspension not present, transparency fair and water analysis of waste water have 6.1 pH, microbes present, suspension present and transparency weak. For the determination of chemical compounds different tests performed for alkaloids Saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, glycosides. Heavy metals analysis consists of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Ni. This analysis was carried out by using the method of aqua regia digestion and spectrophotometer. Plants which are present in polluted sites show high level of heavy metals. Pb, Cd has highest concentration i-e 1.73 and 0.93 mg kg-1 respectively and these exceed the safe limit of WHO (0.3, 0.1). If these plants are used by humans and animals than these cause the very harmful impacts on their health. Biochemical analysis was carried out by using the spectrophotometer. Biochemical contents of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids were determined in two different sites of plant samples. Plants which are present in the control site show higher concentration of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (27%, 42.01%, 11.83%) while the plants which are present in the polluted site show lower concentration of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (09%, 21.77%, 8.76%). Due to the brick kilns the concentration of these contents is decreased with the passage of time and hence the productivity rate is decreased. Keywords: Brickkiln; Food Plants; Bhimber; Pollution; Azad Kashmir
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