PJB-2018-100
MANAGEMENT OF ROOT ROT FUNGAL DISEASES CAUSED BY PRODUCING RESISTANCE AGAINST WHEAT CULTIVARS UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS
TANVEER HUSSAIN
Abstract
In the recent study, we analyzed susceptibility or resistance against three root rot pathogens of twelve wheat cultivars that commonly grown in Nebraska State of USA. It was mainly focused on the screening of twelve wheat varieties against Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia solani root rot fungal diseases and their management through BCA treatments under greenhouse conditions in department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln (USA). These two soil-borne pathogens contributing to significant yield reduction and enhanced growth and yield of WVs after BCA treatments. Experimental trails were set up by applying agar plug inoculation and BCA culture suspension techniques. Impacts of pathogens on yields components that includes length of root and shoot, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot were also under evaluation. The disease severity was measured against three fungal strains by applying Agar Plug Inoculation method. It was observed that WC Freeman (2.00) and NW07505 (2.50) showed moderately resistance while Overland (3.25), Overland FHB10 (3.00), Panhandle (3.75), Ruth (3.50), Mattern (3.75), RedHawk (3.00) and SY-Wolf (3.25) rated as susceptible against Fusarium graminearum strain W433. Overland FHB10 (1.75), Panhandle (2.00), NW07505 (3.00) showed moderately resistance and Freeman (4.00), Ruth (3.75), Mattern (4.25), McGill (4.00) rated as susceptible against Rhizoctonia solani strain G256. Similarly, Rhizoctonia solani strain W1624 showed less disease severity against Freeman (2.00), NW07505 (2.00), SY-Wolf (2.00) while more severity appeared against Overland (3.50), Robidoux (3.50), Ruth (4.00), Mattern (4.00). According to statistical evaluation, all artificially, wheat cultivars (WC) inoculated with W433 stain shown almost similar shoot length (L) while fresh weight (FW) of shoot is slightly variable between treated and not treated varieties. Dry weight (DW) indicated similar significant distribution among inoculated and non-inoculated trails. Similarly, root length, root FW and DW of wheat lines appeared significantly similar. Impacts of W433 on number of leaves/plant did not show significant difference between treated and non-treated trails. It was estimated that all artificially inoculated WC indicated slight reduced biomass as comparison to control (untreated) after six week harvesting. It means that W433 strains of Fusarium graminearum was virulent in favor of root rot disease against different wheat lines. Shoot length of five artificially inoculated WC with strain G256 as V1 (Freeman), V6 (Ruth), V7 (Settlers), and V9 (Mattern) were shown less weight when compared with control. Other seven WC indicated more or less similar shoot length. Shoot FW calculation indicated that V6 (Ruth), V7 (Settlers), V9 (Mattern) and V11 (RedHawk) reduced weight after pathogen inoculation. Overall, it was assessed that G256 effects or reduced the biomass of some yield components. Length of nine WC were reduced after W1624 inoculation. Similarly, ten inoculated WC were reduced FW of shoot as compared with control. Dry weight of shoot was also reduced of seven varieties after inoculation of W1624 strain. On the other hand, root system was also showed variation between treated and non-treated samples. It was noted that Rhizoctonia strain W1624 was more virulent to caused root rot disease and reduced more biomass of yield components as comparison to Rhizoctonia strain G256.
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