PJB-2018-91
STUDY OF HPLC CHARACTREIZED BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY UNDER LEAD INDUCED STRESS IN ZEA MAYS L.
Javed Iqbal Wattoo
Abstract
Lead is most common heavy metal contaminant in environment causing hormonal imbalance and over production of reactive oxygen in plants. The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of Pb(NO3)2 induced stress on biological activity and bioactive compounds in maize. The plants were subjected under two different concentrations (T1- 0.35 mg/ml and T2- 0.45 mg/ml). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, saponins, tannins and terpenoids in maize. TPC% of plants under lead stress extract was increased (T1- 45%, T2- 58.42%) when compared with control (36.29%). The cytotoxicity extracts was checked using hemolytic activity against human red blood cells and observed that lead reduced the cytotoxicity. The scavenging rate was highest (T1- 33.5%, T2- 52%) as compared to control (18.6%). The findings of the research exhibited that the maize extract contains antimicrobial property against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Escherichia coli had the maximum activity towards control (25±3.46mm) while it showed less activity with lead stress (T1- 17±1.633 mm, T2- 20±4.08 mm). Zone of inhibition of Aspergillus niger was highest amongst other two fungal strains. The HPLC results showed that maize has some phyto-ingredients which may be accountable for cell reinforcement and anti-microbial activity. The extracts were further analyzed for the biochemical profile like superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, amylase and protease. Lead stress altered all the activities as compared to control plants. In conclusion, Z. mays can be used as an indicator species for lead and the various antioxidants to play a vital role to detoxify lead.
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