PJB-2017-919
ACQUISITION OF DESICCATION TOLERANCE IN FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA) AS AFFECTED BY MATURITY STAGES, HARVESTED ORGANE TYPE AND DRYING METHOD
EZATOLLAH KARIMI ARPANAHI
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of harvesting organ type and drying method on the acquisition of desiccation tolerance during different development stages faba bean (cv. Shami) seed. The plants were harvested in three pod developmental stages including Mid-Full Sized Seeds (MS), Full-Sized Seed (FS), and Greenish-Yellow pod (GY) and separated to three organ forms (depodded, podded detached, and podded attached to the plants), and were dried using two methods (shade drying and sun drying). An extra harvesting also was done at yellowish-brown (YB) stage according to the conventional harvest of local farmers as a control. The results showed that as seed maturity proceeds from MS to GY stage, germination percentage (GP), natural seedling percentage (NS), content of soluble sugars (SS), and activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GR) enzymes increased while the mean germination time (MGT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) decreased. From GY stage to YB, MGT and soluble protein (SP) increased while other traits decreased. In MS, FS, and GY stages, the highest and lowest GP, NS, SS, CAT, and GR enzymes activity were observed in the podded attached shade-dried seed and depodded sun-dried seed treatments, respectively. However, among all treatments, MGT had an opposite behavior. Generally, the seeds showed desiccation tolerant behavior, a higher amount of SS, CAT, and GR, and lower APX activities compared to those of sensitive seeds. Therefore, it was revealed that harvesting, organ type, and drying method play important roles in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance and promoting seed quality, especially in the early stages of maturity of faba bean seeds.
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