PJB-2025-227
Sustainable Model for Community-Led Organic Waste Management: Case Study of Transforming Banana Peels and Eggshells into Bio-Fertilizers
Almas Hamid
Abstract
Organic waste, comprising 1.3 billion tons of global waste produced annually, contributes significantly to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and landfill issues. A large portion of this waste, particularly from food production and housing communities, is rich in nutrients that can be utilized as organic fertilizers. This experimental study investigated the preparation and application of a Dilute Organic Fertilizer (DOF) prepared from banana peels and eggshells and examined its impact on soil quality and plant growth. Four banana peel-to-eggshell ratios (1:1, 1:4, 2:3, and 3:7) were tested, with corresponding soil-to-DOF ratios of 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, and 6:4, respectively. The soil parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, NPK, trace metals, and organic carbon) and plant growth metrics (height, chlorophyll content, and germination rate) were assessed. The results indicated that DOF-treated soil exhibited alkaline pH and moderate salinity, with higher NPK concentrations at higher eggshell ratios (2:3 and 3:7). Plants treated with higher DOF concentrations (R3 and R4) showed improved growth, with plant heights ranging from 12.5 to 28.8 cm and increased chlorophyll content and germination rates. This study highlights the potential of banana peel and eggshell waste as sustainable fertilizers for improving soil fertility and promoting environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
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