PJB-2024-653
Investigate the Biological and Antioxidant Properties of n-hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Methanol Extracts from Selected Wild Mushroom Species
Faisal Tasleem
Abstract
Abstract
Both wild and cultivated mushrooms are considered to be medicinally and nutritionally important. Mushrooms have previously been used to cure diseases and obtain food benefits. This study aimed to determine the potential activity of wild mushrooms. Various wild mushroom extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were used in this study. The total phenolic content of methanol extracts ranges from 0.7±0.1– 17.00 ±0.18 mg/mL. The amount of TPC was estimated in the range of 0.9±0.085–1.9±0.2 mg/mL in ethyl acetate extract of mushrooms. Xerocomellus chrysenteron, Russula brevipes, and Helvella crispa were the best mushrooms, having maximum phenolic compounds in their extracts. The total flavonoid content of the methanol extract was between 1.08±0.10 –6.0±0.15 mg/mL. Similarly, the TFC of ethyl acetate extracts of selected wild mushrooms was 1±0.06–1.3±.15 mg/mL. Xerocomellus chrysenteron and Russula brevipes showed the highest flavonoid contents compared to the other mushrooms. The DPPH radical entrapping capacity of n-hexane extracts was estimated at 1.79±0.08 37.5±0.41. Russula nobilis possessed the highest DPPH radical scavenging capacity. The antibacterial activities of the extracts against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pasturella multocida were 15, 12, 9, and 15.5 mm, respectively. Xerocomellus chrysenteron showed the maximum activity against almost all strains. All mushroom extracts were subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis. MIC values were found to be in the range of 3.13±0.4–25±0.5µg/mL. The values for Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pasturella multocida were 1.56- 12.5, 1.56- 25, and 3.13- 25 µg/mL, respectively. Xerocomellus chrysenteron had significant MIC values in all extracts. Gonoderma lucidum was found to inhibit biofilm formation the best among all mushrooms. The antifungal potential of extracts against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus range 7.0±2.56 from 19.0±2.56 and 9±1.45 18±1.22 respectively. Gonoderma lucidum showed maximum activity against Aspergillus flavus and Xerocomellus chrysenteron against Aspergillus niger.
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