PJB-2024-555
Detection of bio-active compounds in Aesculus indica wall. Ex. Camb. and their anti-bacterial activity against selected human pathogens
Husnul Amin
Abstract
Primarily, Aesculus indica Seed extract was used only pharmacologically. It has an anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, antiviral and antidiarrheal activity. The current study investigated the antibacterial activity of Aesculus indica fruit and leaves organic extracts, identifying key functional groups and phytoconstituents using FTIR and GC-MS techniques. Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the four multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens which were isolated from urine against which the extracts were tested for antibacterial activities. The results of the investigation showed that the extracts have dose-dependent antibacterial activity. Maximum growth inhibition was found in the methanolic fruit extract for Salmonella typhi (18 mm zone of inhibition at 100µl concentration), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.5 mm zone of inhibition at 100µl), Escherichia coli (17.7 mm zone of inhibition at 100µl in ethanolic fruit extract) and Shigella dysenteriaes (17.3 mm zone of inhibition at 100µl in ethanolic leaves). Both extracts had flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids, according to a phytochemical screening. FTIR examination verified the existence of several functional groups found in secondary metabolites, including phenol, alkyl halides, carboxylic acids, polysaccharides, aromatic group, alkyne, alcohols, nitro compounds and alkenes. The GC-MS analysis identified numerous phytoconstituents in the extract. According to data, the extract contains 57 different chemicals. Fruit ethanolic extract contains a majority of the compound's constituents, which include Methyl Guanidine, Di isopropyl sulfide, 1,3-Propanediol, 2- (hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro, neodecanoic acid, 1,6-Anhydro-2,3-dideoxy-. beta. -Derythro-hexopyranose, 20-acetoxy-3,6,9,12,15,18- hexaoxaicosan-1-oate Trimethylsilyl, 2-O-Methyl-d-xylose, 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone dimer, 2,4-Cyclohexadien-1-one, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy, trimethylsilyl, 1-Cis-vaccenoylglycerol. The findings of this study have opened doors for future research and development of Aesculus indica-based herbal therapies for a range of potentially lethal microbial infections. Unstudied phytochemical properties have a variety of medical uses, including the treatment of mastitis, the avoidance of boils and hemorrhoids, congestion, headaches, hepatitis, liver, vertigo, stomatitis, kidneys, liver, and vision; these uses also include the treatment of anemia, hemorrhoid coughs, fuxes, and stomatitis in the majority of animals and humans.
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