PJB-2024-500
Kashmala Habib
Abstract
This review paper investigates the relationship between nature based ecosystems and climate change, resulting by anthropogenic activities. It explores the concept of ecosystem restoration and rewilding as effective strategies in competing climate change. Due to increasing global warming, and species extinction due to activities like deforestation, defaunation etc which contribute both to climate change and species extinction, there is an urgent need to mitigate it. This can occur by rewilding, and restoring wildness in the ecosystem to regain biodiversity and ecosystem functionality. Initially reintroduction of certain species which play key roles in ecosystem and letting nature heal itself. How reintroduction of certain animals like magafauna and large predators into the ecosystem and the functional roles they play in the ecosystem like trampling, seed dispersal, generating heterogeneity in vegetation , known as trophic rewilding can help in the process of carbon capture and storage and thus enhance negative emissions to mitigate climate change. Reduction in the emission of methane and carbon dioxide and in fire regimes by grazing of large herbivores as they have significant impact on ecosystem’s carbon cycle. Implementation of such dynamic restoration approach is essential to mitigate high climate changes in future, with some challenges and limitations in implementing these strategies.
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