PJB-2024-447
Influence of variable thermal regimes and locations on growth, yield and fiber quality dynamics of cotton
Akhlaq Mudassir
Abstract
Sowing time and different ecological conditions effect on cotton growth indices, yield attributes, fiber quality, and economical turnover. The current study was established to uncover the effects of different sowing dates of cotton grown under the different ecological conditions of Pakistan. A two-year (2016-2017) experiment was done with different sowing dates (S1: March 01, S2: March 15, S3: April 01, S4: April 15, S5: May 01, and S6: May 15) and ecological conditions (Faisalabad, Khanpur, Sakrand, and Dera Ismail Khan) with the randomized complete block design using split plot design with three replications. Results showed that the highest leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate were noted at Sakrand location while net assimilation rate was maximum at Faisalabad location. The highest plant height, total bolls plant-1, and sympodial branches plant-1, 100 grain weight and seed cotton yield were noted at Sakrand location and monopodial branches plant-1 Dera Ismail Khan location. Moreover, fiber uniformity index, micronaire value, staple length, and staple strength were best at Khanpur location followed by Sakrand, Dera Ismail Khan and Faisalabad locations. While the best time of sowing for getting higher growth, fiber quality and yield related attributes as 15th of April where seed cotton yield was producing 26.5% and 31.5% higher cotton yield than early (1st March) as well as late (15th May) sowing dates, respectively. The maximum seed cotton yields and better-quality fiber were attained when the temperature during the growth season of the crop was warm in nature along with little rainfall creating a warm-dry climate in arid to semi-arid areas of Pakistan.
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