PJB-2024-172
UNLOCKING THE GENETIC TAPESTRY: UNVEILING SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY ALLELES IN AROMATIC AND SCAB-RESISTANT APPLE (MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH.) CULTIVARS FOR ENHANCED BREEDING STRATEGIES
BIAZA SIDIQI
Abstract
Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI), governed by the S-locus, involving the pistil-expressed S-RNase and pollen-expressed SFBB. GSI poses challenges to apple breeding, hindering true-to-type cultivars and fruit set in incompatible crosses. Studying self-incompatibility (SI) at the molecular level offers a precise and efficient alternative to traditional cross-pollination experiments. Keeping above facts in consideration, the present study aimed at identification of self-incompatibility alleles in aromatic and scab resisitant Apple cultivars for use in breeding programmes. The study reported 14 diploid cultivars, 2 triploids and a single S allele in 4 partially genotyped cultivars. Frequency analysis reported the highest diversity of allele S9, followed by S3, S2, S10, S28, S1, S5, S7, and S23 in decreasing order. Consequently, three incompatibility groups were framed, which comprised of 2 completely incompatible groups, 76 partially compatible combinations and 106 completely compatible pollination. Six possible cross combinations can be formulated from 4 partially genotyped cultivars comprising. The compilation might be helpful for formulating breeding programs without facing the issue of incompatibility, creation of aromatic apple hybrids, and proper orchard planning.
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