PJB-2024-143
Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Endophytic Extracts from Fusarium sp.
Noor AbuNawas
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are regarded as sources for novel bioactive metabolites in term of structure and bioactivity. Most of endophyte-derived metabolites have medical and pharmaceutical importance, especially those produced from Fusarium species. Fusarium is a cosmopolitan genus of ascomycete fungi that is widely distributed in plants and soils worldwide. Herein, 12 fungal isolate were obtained from collected plant samples; during screening process one isolate, namely NN-Fus-1 was selected for further investigation. The fungal isolate was identified morphologically and based on partial sequencing of 18S rDNA one of the Fusarium species; it was deposited in Gen Bank and is designated as Fusarium sp. isolate NN-Fus-1F. It was cultivated on a solid rice medium that was extracted with ethyl acetate. The crude extract was evaluated for its antioxidant capacity using DPPH and nitric oxide radicals scavenging. Antibacterial activity was determined by agar diffusion test. Anti-inflammatory properties of the extract were investigated in vitro by heat-induced albumin denaturation, stability in membrane of heat-induced RBCs haemolysis and inhibition in lipoxygenase activity (LOX) using linoleic acid as a substrate; in vivo through studying the ability of the fungal extract to reduce the carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rat models. The extract inhibited DPPH radicals with IC50 (109.17±1.30 µg/ml, 6.41±0.08 μg Trolox/mg crude extract); it inhibited the heat induced albumin denaturation with IC50 of 469.05±3.72 μg/ml and reduced the LOX enzyme activity with IC50 83.51± 1.36 μg/ml. At 200 μg/g, it caused 55.5% reduction in paw oedema diameter relative to untreated controls with IC50 of 159.76±3.6 μg/g. The deduced bioactivities could be attributed to the alkaloids, phenolic derivative and flavonoid content of the crude extract. Intriguingly, efficient management of inflammatory disorders entails evaluating the presence of dual inhibition of LOX and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes by the crude extract.
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