PJB-2024-119
CLONING, CHARACTERIZATION, AND EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF A TYPE 2C PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE GENE (PGPP2C2) FROM PANAX GINSENG C.A. MEYER
HAO LIANG
Abstract
Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine resource with important medicinal and edible value; however, its growth environment is encountering various adverse conditions, limiting the development of high-quality ginseng industrialization. Type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) are the most abundant members of the plant phosphatase family and perform vital functions in response to various environmental stressors. To explore the role of P. ginseng PgPP2C, a gene identified from a previously assembled transcriptome database, under adverse conditions, we created a clone of the gene and named it PgPP2C2. The length of its open reading frame was 1269 base pairs, and it coded for a 422-amino-acid protein that contained a 2C family serine/threonine phosphatase catalytic domain characteristic of the phosphatase 2C family proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of PgPP2C2 protein sequences from multiple species revealed that the P. ginseng sequence was similar to homologous sequences from Macleaya cordata, Malus domestica, Nicotiana tomentosiformis, Solanum lycopersicum, and Handroanthus impetiginosus. Transient expression analysis identified a PgPP2C2–GLosgfp fusion protein in the nucleus. The expression of PgPP2C2 was detected by transcriptional analysis in all investigated tissues, but at a higher level in the roots. Moreover, N and P deficiency treatments were observed to trigger PgPP2C2 expression. Specifically, the downregulation of PgPP2C2 and the accumulation of abscisic acid–glucose ester (ABA–GE) were induced under N deficiency. The synthetic strigolactone analog GR24 restored the expression of PgPP2C2 under N deficiency, but had no obvious effect on the ABA–GE content. The data presented herein support the hypothesis that the PgPP2C2 and strigolactone pathways perform a crucial function in counteracting N and P stress in P. ginseng. The findings enhance our understanding of the genetic regulatory mechanism of P. ginseng in response to N and P deficiencies, as well as provide a potential strategy for improving the quality of cultivation of P. ginseng through hormone-mediated nutritional regulation.
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