PJB-2024-58
EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS LEVELS WITH AND WITHOUT FARM YARD MANURE ON P UPTAKE, YIELD OF WHEAT AND SOIL PROPERTIES
Hamza ali
Abstract
The deficiency of phosphorous (P) and organic matter (OM) in calcareous alkaline soils which is
a major problem in achieving optimum crop yield. To address this problem, a technology of
integrated plant nutrient management is proposed to be applied in such soils for efficient
utilization of inorganic P, quantitative and qualitive yield in maintaining soil health. In this
regard, a field experiment on “Effect of phosphorus and farm yard manure (FYM) on yield and
P uptake by wheat” was conducted at farmer’s field near Jamra Farm, Takht Bai, Mardan during
winter 2021-2022. Wheat varieties i.e. Pirsabak-2019 and Gulzar-2019 were sown in plots. The
experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in split-split plot
arrangement having three replications. Highly significant differences were observed for all the
studied parameters except harvest index. The data revealed that the combined application of FYM
along with 90 Kg P 2 O 5 significantly increased the emergence m -2 , plant height, spike length, number
of spikelets spike -1 , biological yield, grain yield, straw yield, 1000-grains weight, total P uptake,
electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), total N, soil porosity, AB-DTPA
extractable P and decreased soil pH and soil bulk density (SBD). Irrespective of variety and P,
the FYM significantly showed maximum emergence m -2 (252), plant height (117.3 cm), spike
length (13.94 cm), number of spikelets spike -1 (16), biological yield (16010 kg ha -1 ), grain yield
(5867 kg ha -1 ), straw yield (10150 kg ha -1 ) and 1000-grains weight (44.22 g), total P uptake
(15.64 kg ha -1 ), EC (0.151 dS m -1 ), SOM (8.82 g Kg -1 ), total nitrogen (0.049 %), porosity (53.19
%), extractable P (4.40 mg kg -1 ) and decreased soil pH(7.65) and SBD (1.24). Irrespective of
variety and FYM, the application of P2O5 @90 kg ha -1 showed maximum emergence m -2 (242),
plant height (113.6 cm), spike length (12.70 cm), number of spikelets spike -1 (17), biological yield
(14640 kg ha -1 ), grain yield (5428 kg ha -1 ), straw yield (9213 kg ha -1 ) and 1000-grains weight (40
g), total P uptake (18.17 kg ha -1 ), EC (0.156 dS m -1 ), SOM (8.71 g Kg -1 ), total nitrogen (0.044%),
porosity (53.15 %), extractable P (5.21 mg kg -1 ) and reduced soil pH and SBD. It is concluded
that integration of FYM@20 t ha -1 along with 90 kg P2O5 ha -1 improved the yield and yield traits
of wheat varieties, P uptake and various soil properties. It is recommended that the application
of 20 ton FYM ha -1 along with 90 Kg P 2 O 5 could be applied for getting optimum yield on
sustainable basis.
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