PJB-2023-602
HERITABILITY, GENETIC ADVANCE AND CORRELATION STUDIES FOR YIELD TRAITS UNDER TWO PLANTING ENVIRONMENTS
Husnain Arif
Abstract
HERITABILITY, GENETIC ADVANCE AND CORRELATION STUDIES FOR YIELD TRAITS UNDER TWO PLANTING ENVIRONMENTS
Husnain Arif and Sultan Akbar Jadoon
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Faculty of Crop Production Sciences
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Wheat yield is severely affected by late sowing of crop due to squeezed life cycle. In present experiment 42 wheat genotypes along with one check cultivar were evaluated under two different sowing conditions (normal and late sowing) at Agriculture Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra during 2021-22. All genotypes were sown in randomized complete block design with three replications under both environments. Pooled analysis of variance showed significant variation among genotypes as well as genotype × environment interaction for all traits except days to maturity and grain yield. For environment all parameters showed highly significant differences except days to heading and grain weight spike-1. Averaged over two environments, minimum days to maturity were recorded for genotypes ARS-40 (133.50 days) and highest grain yield for ARS-7 (4040.70 kg ha-1). Means performance of genotypes for 1000-grain weight, biological yield and grain yield ranged from 39.6 to 45.3g, 6930 to 7815 kg ha-1 and 3594 to 4496 kg ha-1 under normal planting and 32.0 to 39.6g, 5928.9 to 6819.2 kg ha-1 and 2696 to 3594.9 kg ha-1 under late planting respectively. ARS-7 and ARS-16 appeared as high performing under both normal and late sowing with an average yield of 4496 kgha-1 and 3594 kgha-1 respectively. There was a general reduction in plant height, grain weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield in late sowing as compared to normal sowing. Magnitude of broad sense heritability and genetic advance were high and almost same in normal and late sowing conditions. Highly significant positive correlation of grain yield was observed with leaf area (0.54), plant height (0.31), spike length (0.39), grain weight spike-1(0.42), 1000-grain weight (0.27), biological yield (0.86) and harvest index (0.79) in normal planting conditions. Similarly, grain yield had a significant positive association with leaf area (0.45), plant height (0.54), spike length (0.38), grain weight spike-1 (0.39), 1000-grain weight (0.65), biological yield (0.93) and harvest index (0.83) in late planting condition. On basis of superior performance in yield as well as yield contributing traits. ARS-7 and ARS-16 are recommended to be used in future wheat breeding programs for yield improvement.
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