PJB-2023-570
Optimizing Bean Cultivation: Mycorrhizal Applications and Mitigating Phytopathological Challenges in Sustainable Agriculture
Nedim Cetinkaya
Abstract
Of the 60 million tons of legumes produced globally, beans account for 17,662,028. Turkey ranks third among the major producers of green beans worldwide, with an annual production of 587, 967 t. Bean rust disease (Uromyces appendiculatus), root rot disease (Rhizoctonia solani), and bean common mosaic disease (Bean common mosaic potyvirus) are the primary afflictions affecting bean crops in the Aegean Region. Objective evaluations were prioritized, and technical abbreviations were explained when initially utilized. A clear, logical progression is observable in the presentation of information, and a conventional academic structure and consistent formatting have been employed throughout. Language is value-neutral and clear, and the use of ornamental and ambiguous language is avoided. The text is free from grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors. Diseases can result in significant crop loss and reduced seed quality under favorable climatic conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to carry out pest control activities using sustainable agricultural techniques to minimize the adverse impacts on human and environmental health, agroecosystems, and biological balance. This study aimed to establish mycorrhiza applications in beans as a sustainable approach for plant protection activities, providing a healthier and more profitable production advantage by reducing fungicide use when combined within the framework of integrated disease management. Based on these findings, mycorrhiza application reduced rust infection by 40% and BCMV infection by 30.2% in the sensitive genotypes. Contrary to our initial expectations, we observed no effect on the incidence of root rot disease. Our field experiments demonstrated that the application of mycorrhiza resulted in a 34% reduction in rust disease outbreaks and 65% less use of fungicides compared to the untreated plants.
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