PJB-2023-491
EFFECT OF HARVEST TIME AND STORAGE DURATION ON SORGHUM SEED VIABILITY AND VIGOR
Ramlah Arief
Abstract
One of the factors influencing the low productivity of sorghum crops is the low quality of the seeds used. The appropriate harvest time affects the physiological quality of the seeds. A research study was conducted from April 2020 until January 2022 at Bajeng Experimental Farm in Gowa, South Sulawesi, Indonesia and the Seed Laboratory of the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research aimed to determine the appropriate harvest time to obtain seeds with high physiological quality and storability. Sorghum of Suri 4 and Numbu varieties were used as the testing materials, which were obtained from four different harvest times (0, 3, 6, 9 days after physiological maturity, or DAPM) and subjected to four storage periods (0, 4, 8, 12 months) under two storage conditions: 1) Warehouse storage with an average room temperature of 28-32°C and an average relative humidity of 55-60%. 2) Cool storage with a temperature of 18-21°C and a relative humidity of 45-50%. The research results indicated that the appropriate harvest time to obtain high seed quality and storability was 98 days for the Suri 4 variety and 107 days for the Numbu variety. Seed vigor for sorghum varieties Suri 4 and Numbu remained high during the 4-month storage period at room temperature and the 8-month storage period under cool storage conditions but started to decrease after the 8-month storage period.
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