PJB-2023-456
WHEAT IMPROVEMENT BY SELECTION IN ADVANCED LINES THROUGH HERITABILITY AND GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION EFFECTS
Abdullah
Abstract
Development of high yielding wheat genotypes across environments is one of the major objectives in breeding program. The present research aimed to evaluate the wheat genotypes under irrigated and rainfed conditions, and also to estimate heritability (broad sense), genetic gain, and correlation among the earliness, morphological, and yield related traits. Forty-seven wheat advanced lines including two check cultivars (Gulzar-19 and Pirsabak-19) were evaluated during cropping season 2021-22 using alpha lattice design with two replications under irrigated and rainfed conditions at the Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak – Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pooled analysis of variance depicted significant (p≤0.01) differences among the genotypes, environments, and genotype by environment interactions for almost all the studied traits. The highest grain yield was produced by wheat genotype G-46 (2808 kg ha-1), followed by G-34 and G-28 (2746 and 2646 kg ha-1, respectively) under irrigated environment. However, under rainfed environment, the highest grain yield was produced by wheat genotype G-34 (1364 kg ha-1), followed by G-36 and G-31 (1352 and 1344 kg ha-1, respectively). High heritability (broad sense) estimates were recorded for all the studied traits ranging from (0.76 to 0.90) and (0.66 to 0.92) under irrigated and rainfed conditions, respectively. Similarly expected genetic gain values were 3.16 vs. 1.43 for days to heading, 2.41 vs. 2.46 for days to maturity, 3.66 vs. 2.46 cm2 for flag leaf area, 5.26 vs. 4.12 cm for plant height, 42.9 vs. 37.3 for tillers meter-2, 0.90 vs. 0.53 cm for spike length, 1.00 vs. 0.90 for spikelets spike-1, 5.64 vs. 4.75 for grains spike-1, 0.26 vs. 0.16 g for grain weight spike-1, 4.40 vs. 4.80 g for 1000-grain weight, 869.5 vs. 548.2 kg ha-1 for biological yield, 284.2 vs. 178.2 kg ha-1 for grain yield, and 4.88 vs. 3.92% for harvest index under irrigated and rainfed environments, respectively. Grain yield revealed significant positive correlation with flag leaf area, plant height, tillers meter-2, spike length, spikelets spike-1, grain weight spike-1, biological, and harvest index under irrigated and rainfed environments. Based on the stress selection indices, wheat genotype G-48, followed by G-34 and G-36 were found more tolerant and high yielding. Wheat genotypes G-46, G-34 and G-28 performed well under irrigated, while G-34, G-36 and G-31 were high yielding under rainfed environment. These genotypes were recommended for further evaluation, for grain yield improvement and to be released as commercial cultivars.
To Cite this article:
Download
