PJB-2023-425
BIOCONTROL OF BLACK POINT DISEASE OF BARLEY BY THE EXTRACTS OF DATURA INNOXIA MILL.
Iqra Amir
Abstract
Plants are challenged by several biotic stresses like infections caused by fungal phytopathogens. Hordeum vulgare L. (barley) is an annual grass which ranks fourth in production and farming area globally following maize, wheat and rice. One of the most important diseases of barley called ‘black point’ is caused by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. This research work was designed to explore the potential of Datura innoxia Mill. plant extract in controlling barley fungal disease by using the methanolic extracts of whole plant of D. innoxia. Two concentrations viz. 20% and 10% were prepared. Petri plate experiments were performed to investigate the effect of test fungus on seed germination of H. vulgare. In vivo antifungal potential of D. innoxia was determined in field conditions using earthen pots. Random samples were collected at vegetative phase of plant growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics such as germination rate and percentage, seed vigor, tolerance index, roots and shoot length, fresh and dry weight, relative water, osmotic potential, membrane stability index, chlorophyll and carotenoids levels, sugar, proline and total proteins in response to fungal stress were determined. Results showed significant reduction in various physiochemical factors. In contrast, total soluble sugar and proline content in leaves increased due to pathogen stress. However, 20% concentration of D. innoxia methanolic extract showed better efficacy in promoting the growth of H. vulgare plants under fungal stress. Methanolic extract of whole plant of D. innoxia was screened for phytochemicals and the results revealed the existence of some crucial secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and glycosides. Due to the presence of these metabolites, D. innoxia plant extract can be implemented as an effective biocontrol method to control the fungal disease of H. vulgare.
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