PJB-2023-423
Valuation of wheat genotypes for drought tolerence under variable water regimes
Mst. Masuma Akhter
Abstract
The experiment was carried out at the research field of Wheat Research Center (WRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh in upland soil. The experiment was consisted with 30 wheat genotypes which grown under three water regimes viz., i) Well water (irrigated at crown root initiation stage, 20 DAS; anthesis stage, 50 DAS; grain filling stage 80 DAS), ii) One irrigation at crown root initiation stage, and iii) No irrigation i.e. the crop was protected from rainfall by rainout shelter during the whole growing period. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. Water regimes were allotted in the main plot, and wheat genotypes were allotted in the sub-plot. The results were revealed that water stress significantly influenced the studied traits. Based on the the relative performance, the genotypes Shatabdi, BARI Gom 25, E 18, E 28, E 34, E 38, E 42, BAW 1118, and BAW 1130 performed better, whereas the genotypes BARI Gom 26, E 24, BAW 1135, BAW 1140, BAW 1143, BAW 1151 and BAW 1161 showed lesser performance. Water regimes significantly influenced the grain yield of wheat genotypes and the grain yield decreased with increase water stressed conditions in soil. The reduced number of effective tillers plant-1, length of spike, number of grains spike-1 and 1000-grain weight are the main reasons for reducing the grain yield of wheat. In no irrigated condition, higher relative values (>0.680) were recorded in the wheat genotypes of BARI Gom 25, E 3, E 18, E 24, E 28, E 34, E 38, BAW 1118, BAW 1170 and BAW 1171, which can be delighted as drought tolerant genotypes, and among the highest relative value was in BARI Gom 25 followed by E 18, E 38, BAW 1118, BAW 1170, E 24, E 28, E 3, BAW 1171 and E 34. On the other hand, lower relative values (<0.600) were obtained in the genotypes of BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BARI Gom 28, E 23, BAW 1130, BAW 1138, BAW 1140, BAW 1143 and BAW 1157, and these genotypes can be treated as drought susceptible and the lowest relative value was in BARI Gom 26 follwed by BAW 1130, BAW 1140, BARI Gom 27, BAW 1143, BARI Gom 28, BAW 1138, BAW 1157, E 23 and Sourav. Water deficit stress reduced the yield traits and consequently reduced the yield of all genotypes but the reduction was lower in wheat genotypes-BARI Gom 25, E 38, BAW 1118 and E 18, while higher reduction was recorded in BARI Gom 26 and BAW 1130.
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