PJB-2023-348
AN ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF MARSILEA QUADRIFOLIA L. AND SALVINIA MOLESTA D.S MITCHEL FROM PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
SADIA MUSHTAQ
Abstract
Ethnopharmacology is a combination of perspectives, primarily those of anthropology, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, and botany. Phenolic compounds extracted from plants are very effective for the cure of various neurological and pathological diseases. The study aimed to explore and estimate the Phenolic compounds through HPLC and anti-Alzheimer activity of two aquatic ferns; Marsilea quadrifolia and Salvinia molesta. Microwave-assisted Extraction (MAE) was performed to prepare plant leaves ethanolic extract of both plants. HPLC was performed to purify phenolic compounds and AlCl3-induced Alzheimer’s disease rat model was used for the anti-alzheirmer activity. Both plants were given orally at 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses for 21 days and behavioral parameters were observed on the 22nd study day, different behavioral test were performed for neuromuscular coordination estimation and hole board test for exploratory behaviour were performed. The levels of AChE inhibitory activity and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, Catalases, MDA) were estimated on brain homogenates and Histopathological and Haematological analyses were also performed. Phenolic compounds of leaf extracts were noted for HPLC chromatograms of standard compounds with Gallic acid (33.76 ± 0.08) higher in M. quadrifolia and Salicylic acid (12.45 ± 0.07) higher in S. molesta. Behavioral studies showed highly significant (p<0.001) improvement in M. quadrifolia and S. molesta treated groups. Antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase levels were significantly (p<0.05) improved on treatment with M. quadrifolia and S. molesta. Histopathological analysis indicated that neurofibrillary tangles were significantly improved in M. quadrifolia and S. molesta treated groups. Biochemical and behavioral results suggested that M. quadrifolia and S. molesta contained Phenolic compounds which are effective in the treatment of Alzheimer disease. Both plants M. quadrifolia and S. molesta improved behavioral and biochemical parameters and therefore will be effective in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders via countless underlying mechanistic pathways.
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