PJB-2023-340
Diversity and divergence in accessions representing different species of Brassica based on phenotypic, biochemical and molecular data
Gohar Zaman
Abstract
Brassica Genetic improvement is crucial for satisfying edible oil requirement, which requires availability of diverse genetic resources. This work assessed divergence and diversity of 24 Brassica accessions from different species using molecular genotyping, biochemical characterization and field testing. Considering the yield parameters, the no. of pods main raceme-1 ranged from 39.3 (local genotype) to 48.7 pods (IBGE-2); the no. of primary branches ranged from 3.33 (wester-209) to 6 (p118 and Altex 232); the no of pods plant-1 ranged from 173 (Torch-237) to 409 (IBGE-4); the seed seeds pod-1 ranged from 13 (IBGE-4) to 21 (p-118); the seed yield ranged from 560 g (Mun-1) to 1462 g (IBGE-4). Variability was also observed for oil content (%) in a range of 47 (Zahoor-15 and IBGE-1) to 53 (Mun-1 and Crusher-212), while the protein content was overall in higher ranged with the highest value of 24% (Zahoor-15). Molecular genotyping with a set of 16 polymorphic loci revealed the maximum number of loci (5) for OPC-05, followed by OPC-09 and OPB-04 (4). The maximum gene diversity (0.497) was recorded for loci OPB-04-L3, while the minimum gene diversity (0.080) was observed for locus OPC-05-L5. The neighbor-joining tree showed that accessions representing B. juncea were dispersed among various genotypes. In network analysis, two clusters were identified. The cluster I consisted of B. compestres while cluster II comprised with B. juncea with similarity to other B. napus crossed genotypes. The divergence and diversity observed should be useful for genetic improvement.
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