PJB-2023-312
PLANT TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR THE CONSERVATION OF IMPORTANT ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANTS SPECIES OF PAKISTAN
Fatima Asad
Abstract
Flora of Pakistan consists of 6000 species of vascular plants. This biodiversity richness of Pakistan is due to its geography and diverse climatic zones. Many plants are of great medicinal value and human is using them to cure their ailment. But today due to their unrestricted collection, increasing population, desertification, environmental stresses and climatic changes, these plants are under threat at a rapid rate. In-situ and ex-situ techniques for plant conservation have been used but in vitro propagation of plant is best method. Plant tissue culture is the best tool to conserve plants. In the past, micro propagation used to conserve endangered plant species through the slow growth or short term conservation and long term or cryopreservation. Today, Plant tissue culture is widespread in agriculture, forestry and many other areas. Somatic embryogenesis, morphogenesis, cryopreservation, organogenesis, and soma clonal variations are some techniques which are used for the micro propagation, conservation and for plant cloning. In Pakistan Himalayan region species are critically endangered and attention has been paid to these techniques for their conservation. Some species like Taxus wallichiana, Taxus bacata, Podophyllum hexandrum, Saussurea lappa, Rauwolfia surpentina, and Whitania coagulans.
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