PJB-2023-275
EFFECTS OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCl) ON THE SEED GERMINATION AND SOME GROWTH PARAMETERS OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS L. (RADISH)
Nadeem Ullah
Abstract
This research was done to find the effects of different concentrations of Potassium chloride (KCl) on germination of seeds and some growth parameters of radish (Raphanus sativus). The concentrations of potassium chloride applied were 0.5M, 1M and 2M. The parameters studied included the seed leaves lengths and width, lengths of radical and plumule, lengths of root and shoot, number of leaves per plant, lengths of leaves and width of leaves, lengths of petiole, number of flowers per plant, lengths and diameter of fruit and number of seeds per fruit. The data was collected at different time intervals including 15, 30, 45, 60 days after germination. The result showed that the life cycle of the plant exposed to higher concentration of Potassium chloride (KCl) was affected drastically. Plants grown under control conditions were stronger and healthier as compared to the plants under potassium chloride application. The seed germination was noted in controls plants showing the maximum of germination with a mean of (6.67) as compared to the concentrated treatment of KCl the mean was (5 in 0.5M, 4.67 in 1M and 4.33 in 2M). At 15 days interval, length and width of seed leaves was maximum in control pots which was 3.6cm and 2cm while minimum in treated pots of 2M which was 1.7cm and 1.5cm respectively. Final readings revealed that salt stress reduces the average of plant height that is 7cm in 2M of KCl concentration while in control 10.8cm. Likewise, average of leaves number which is minimum i.e. 5 in 2M concentration of KCl while maximum in control that is 9.33. Similarly the average of leaf length was normal in control 7cm while smallest in 2M of KCl concentration i.e. 5cm. The average leaf width in control was greater i.e. 2.43cm whereas in treated was smaller i.e. 1.46cm in 2M of KCl. The average length of petiole was also greater in control that is 2.33cm and was smaller in treated i.e. 1.26cm in 2M concentration. Like other growth parameters the number of flowers, length and diameter of fruits, and number of seeds per fruit were also minimum in treated pots while maximum in control pots. The average flowers number was 22 in treated (2M) and 45 in control. Likewise, the average length of fruits was 5.58cm in treated (2M) whereas it was 6.86cm in control, and the average diameter of the fruits was 0.628cm in treated (2M) whereas it was 0.714cm in control. Similarly, the average seeds number was 1.6 in treated (2M) and was 3.4 in control plants. From the above indexes confirm that response of these indexes is inversely proportional to the concentrations of the KCl treatment. Response of the indexes studied were lower when the concentrations of the KCl treatment is higher. Such type of experiment was conducted from the cultivation of radish in pots.
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