PJB-2023-237
Characterization of the chalcone synthase family genes in flowering plants
Sajeel Hussain
Abstract
Chalcone synthase is an important and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin pigments that are found in plant organs such as flowers and fruits. The CHS gene family is found in all flowering plants. Here, we searched and characterized the CHS genes from 29 different flowering plants. Database search resulted in the identification of Chalcone Synthase genes from 29 different plant species. Phylogenetic analysis indicated significantly higher similarity between the different CHS genes divided into at least six closely related rooted clades. Gene structure analysis identified the relative sizes and positions of UTRs, introns, and exons. Protein sequence alignment indicated more than 95% similarity between the CHS genes with eight highly conserved domains of different lengths. Further in-depth analysis showed the presence of three highly conserved motifs in the protein sequence of all the 29 chalcone synthase genes. Physico-chemical properties such as molecular weight, instability index, aliphatic index, hydropathicity (GRAVY), length, and pI of the CHS genes were significantly similar. Furthermore, the predicted 3D structures of CHS genes from different plant species were highly conserved and homologous to each other.
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