PJB-2023-109
Comparative analysis of the flora of Donyztau and nearby territories
Zhaidargul Kuanbay
Abstract
Floristic analysis of the southwestern region of Kazakhstan has not been studied enough. Donyztau territories and surrounding areas have changeable climatic conditions, which makes it difficult for plants to adapt. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to analyze and compare the taxonomic composition of the flora of Donyztau cliff, Zheltau cliff, mountainous Mangyshlak and Mugodzhar ridge. The studies included field reconnaissance studies in 2018-2021, the literature review and the flora comparison based on the P. Jaccard's Index for plant community. It was used the authors' own collections, notes of the flora of Mangystau, Aktobe region and Zheltau cliff. The flora of 4 regions was subjected to comparative taxonomic analysis: cliffs of Donyztau and Zheltau, the mountainous Mangyshlak and Mugodzhar ridge, including 827 species of vascular plants. Jaccard similarity coefficient was used to compare the three floras. The flora of Donyztau includes 314 different plant species, which are both vascular and gymnosperms; the vast majority are angiosperm plants. The Magnoliophyta division includes 312 species (99.3%); 38 species of them (12.1%) belong to the class Liliopsida, and 274 species (87.2%) belong to the class Magnoliopsida. The ratio of monocotyledons to dicotyledons is 1:7.2. In the flora of Mugodzhar ridge, it has been identified only 273 species belonging to 156 genera and 43 families. The flora of Zheltau cliff is represented by 113 species from 78 genera and 24 families. The flora of Mangyshlak is represented by 382 species from 204 genera and 53 families. Differences between territories are determined by the characteristics and composition of habitats, which is manifested in the taxonomic structure of the flora. Comparative analysis of the family spectra (families Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Brassicaceae) of floras shows that the flora of Donyztau cliff and Mangyshlak are the closest to each other. According to the spectrum of the Poaceae family, Donyztau is most similar to the Zheltau flora. The results of the article can be used for further study of flora of the southwestern region of Kazakhstan.
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