PJB-2023-73
INCIDENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODE ASSOCIATED WITH TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) AND ITS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL THROUGH ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA.
Aroma Murtaza
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.,) are responsible for considerable losses in tomato production worldwide. In this study, the endophytic bacteria (Bacillus sp.) isolated from tomato roots were evaluated for their biocontrol potential both in-vitro and in-planta for controlling M. incognita in tomato plants. First, the incidence of root knot nematodes was investigated in five selected localities of district Peshawar. Overall disease incidence recorded was 31.94%. M. incognita was the pre-dominant species and occurred in 60% samples. M. incognita was used in vitro and in vivo studies. Perineal pattern from female of M. incognita produced characteristics squarish arch a characteristics DNA band of 1200 bp with species-specific SCAR primer pair (Finc/Rinc). In vitro, nematicidal efficacy of Bacillus sp. against M. incognita was studied at three different concentrations (10, 20 and 30%) for 72 hours of exposure along with positive control (Carbofuran) and negative control sterile distilled water (SDW). Endophytic bacteria Bacillus sp. @30% significantly reduced egg hatching (85.38%) and J2s mortality (73.67%). Results from in planta studies showed that 30% concentration of endophytic bacteria Bacillus sp. significantly reduced the galling index (3.50), no of galls (31.00), number of egg masses (30.62) number of adult females per root system (26.75), number of J2s (501.38) and reproduction factor (Rf=0.25). The 30% concentration of endophytic bacteria Bacillus sp. enhanced plant growth parameters such as shoot length (38.64 cm), root length (23.11 cm), fresh shoot weight (25.38 g), dry shoot weight (20.75 g), fresh root weight (10.95 g) and number of leaves (18.87). Present results suggested that endophytic bacteria Bacillus sp. antagonistic to RKN can be applied as an effective tool to suppress RKNs. Keywords: Biological control, Meloidogyne incognita, endophytic bacteria, bacillus, nematode, tomato, nematode
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