PJB-2023-21
The availability of balanced nutrients and appropriate seed rate are the two most basic and important factors that ensure higher productivity of any crop including durum wheat. The current research was carried out in Randomized Complete Block (RCB)&
Osama Muhammad Jafar
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The availability of balanced nutrients and appropriate seed rate are the two most basic and important factors that ensure higher productivity of any crop including durum wheat. The current research was carried out in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with three replications at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during Rabi season 2021-2022 to study the effect of various seed rates and Fe levels on the agronomic performance of durum wheat. Each replication consisted of (4 x 4) 16 treatments, having four levels of seed rate (80, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha-1) and four levels of iron (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg ha-1). The plot size 5m × 1.8m, with row to row distance of 30cm having 6 rows in each plot was used. Iron (Fe) was applied at the time of sowing from the source of FeSO4. 7 H2O. Basal dose of nitrogen (120 kg ha-1) was applied in two splits (half at sowing and half at tillering stage), while phosphorus (90 kg ha-1) was applied at sowing time. Seeds were sown in lines using hand hoe. Six irrigations were carried out (at adventitious roots development, tillering, spike initiation, anthesis, milk and dough stage). Experimental results concerned to different seed rates exhibited that highest seed rate (140 kg ha-1) induced earliness in heading (101 days), anthesis (122 days) and physiological maturity (167 days) of the durum wheat as compared to the lowest seed rate (80 kg ha-1). Growth parameters as affected by different seed rates elaborated that the seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 significantly increased plant height (112.7cm), leaf area tiller-1 (109.1cm2) and spikes m-2 (272) as compared to the seed rate of 80, 100 and 140 kg ha-1. Yield parameters i.e. grains spike-1 (49), thousand grains weight (49.7g), test weight (76.9 kg ha-1), biological yield (11202 kg ha-1), grain yield (4167 kg ha-1) and crude protein content (14%) was recorded higher with seed rate of 120 kg ha-1. Harvest index (39.98%) was recorded higher with the lowest seed rate (80 kg ha-1). Among the different iron (Fe) levels, highest rate of iron (15kg ha-1) significantly delayed days to heading (106 days), anthesis (127 days) and maturity (172 days), enhanced plant height (113.6cm), leaf area tiller-1 (110.7cm2), spike m-2 (257), increased grains spike-1 (53), thousand grains weight (52.05g), test weight (75.3 kg ha-1), crude protein content (14.0%), biological yield (10159 kg ha-1) and grain yield (3899 kg ha-1) of durum wheat as compared to lowest rates of Fe (0, 5 and 10 kg ha-1). In the light of the current study, it was concluded that seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 and iron 15 kg ha-1 enhanced growth, quality, yield and yield components of durum wheat in the study area.
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