PJB-2023-10
EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON VARIOUS COMMON BEAN LANDRACES
Wasi Ullah
Abstract
ABSTRACT It is believed that introduction of the suitable common bean landraces and optimum sowing date are the alternative ways and is the best possible solution for enhancing crop yield and productivity in a particular agro-ecological zone. Therefore, the current experiment entitled “Effect of sowing dates on various common bean land races” was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during spring 2022. The experiment was design in randomize complete block design (RCBD) having split plot arrangements in which sowing dates (15th February, 2nd March, 17th March and 1st April) were assigned to main plots while local common bean landraces (Kenya, Tirah, Tajikistan round, Tajikistan capsule, Lower Dir and Parachinar) was allotted to sub plots, replicated three times. Each sub plots were contain 7 rows 60 cm apart with plot size of (3×3 = 9m-2). First sowing was done on 15th February, second on 2nd March, third on 17th March and the fourth on 1st April. Recommended rate of nitrogen (25 kg ha-1) from urea, phosphorus (50 kg ha-1) from triple super phosphate and potash (50 kg ha-1) from muriate of potash were applied at the time of sowing. Agriculture practices like weeding, irrigation and other necessary culture practices were done for best crop management. Experimental results concerned to different sowing dates presented that sowing date of 2nd March significantly delayed emergence (11 days), flowering (42 days), days to pod formation (58 days) and maturity (96 days), likewise enhanced plant height (118.5cm) and pod length (9.7cm), similarly increased yield and yield components i.e., pods plant-1 (16.9), seeds pod-1 (7.3), hundred seed weight (45.1g), harvest index (27.5%), biological (5935kg ha-1) and grain yield (1678kg ha-1) as compared to sowing dates of 25th February and 1st April. Experimental results regarding different common bean land races showed that Tajikistan landrace significantly affected days to emergence (12days), days to flowering (43days), days to pod formation (59days) and days to maturity (99days), likewise, enhanced pods plant-1 (17.2), seeds pod-1 (7.1), pod length (10.5cm), weight of hundred seeds (46.7g), harvest index (33%), biological yield (6454kg ha-1) and grain yield (2132kg ha-1) as compared to Parachinar, Lower dir, Tirah and Kenya landraces. Exceptionally Tajikistan round produced maximum plant height (147.7cm) as compared to rest of landraces of common bean. In the light of the current study it was recommended that sowing date 2nd March and Tajikistan capsule (common bean landrace) enhanced growth, yield and yield components in the study area.
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