PJB-2022-570
IMPACT OF SALT STRESS ON YIELD PERFORMANCE OF Psium sativaum L.
HAGOS GEREZIHER
Abstract
Salt stress is considered a major abiotic stress that could limit crop productivity globally. In Ethiopia, the field pea is one of the important pulse crops and the highly consumed in the daily diet of society in urban and rural areas. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of salinity stress on yield performance of pea (Pisum sativum L) plants. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of salinity stress on yield performance of selected accession of filed pea such as 226040, 32103, 243842, 231214, 32592, and 230048. Seeds of six selected accession of pea were sown in a plastic pot of 19cm width at the base, 20cm and at the top and treated with three different levels of salinity (0, 50, 75, and 100mM NaCl) with completely randomized designs in three replications. In this, experimental analysis showed that days of flowering increased with increasing salinity levels compared with control plants. Mean values of days to flowering ranged between 27.33-46.00, 33-49.00, 37.00-52.00 and 40.00-54.67 in control, 50mM, 75mM and 100mM concentrations respectively. Accessions 32103 had relatively high values for days to flowering and these accessions were delayed with regard to days of flowering compared to the other accessions at 54.67days. The effect of salinity on the field pea accessions indicated that as salt concentration increased, the number of pods per plant decreased linearly. However, accession 226040 produced the minimum number of pods per plant compared with the respective control. 75mM NaCl concentration accession 231214 had a high number of seeds per pod (8.33). The minimum number of seeds per pod was attained by accession 243842 with 1.78 and this accession was considered as salt sensitive. Hundred seed weight of tested accessions ranged from 8.41to 9.54 in control, 0.85 to 6.33 in 50mM, 0.35 to 6.07 in 75mM and 0.22 to 4.94g in 100mM salt concentration. At 100mM NaCl salt concentration, accession 231214 has a high seed yield with 8.55gram, whereas accession 243842 produced the minimum seed yield with 1.47gram. However, the reduction varied between accession and salinity levels. Response to all accessions differed with their exposure to different salinity levels. Accessions; 231214, and 226040 gave significantly higher means in almost all traits compared to other accessions at all salinity levels, and these could be considered fairly tolerant to soil salinity levels of up to 100mM. Likewise, accessions 243842, and 32592 cannot perform under soil salinity that is in excess of 50mM.
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