PJB-2022-568
Effect of cereal and leguminous residues applied with different nitrogen levels on yield of wheat and nutrient uptake
Adnan Ali
Abstract
A research experiment was established at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, to determine the effect of cereals and leguminous residues application with different nitrogen levels on productivity of wheat and nutrients uptake. Design was RCBD having factorial arrangement were selected for the experiment. Wheat variety was Prsabak-2015 was sown with the row to row distance of 30 cm, and size of each plot was kept 3.5 m × 3 m (10.5 m2). Before sowing of wheat, the residues [cereal (maize) and leguminous (mung bean)] were incorporated. Proper cultural practices like, irrigation, weeding, thinning was carried out when needed at proper time. Soils were collected from each experimental unit after the removing of wheat crop and analysed for the total nitrogen in soil, AB-DTPA extractable phosphorus and potassium, soil organic matter, pH and EC of the corresponding soil and plant parameters were NPK uptake by wheat crop, height of the plant, thousand grain weight, grain and biological yield of the wheat crop. Analysed data of the aforementioned parameters data stated that the organic matter and mineral nitrogen positively affect the yield and yielding parameters of wheat crop. The maximum concentration of total N (0.059%), extractable P (4.47 mg kg-1), extractable K (93.3 mg kg-1), soil organic matter of (0.98%), pH (7.62), and EC of (0.46 dS m-1), NPK uptake of (190.9, 16.6 and 80.84 kg ha-1), grain yield (3561 kg ha-1), biological yield (6512 kg ha-1) and plant height (76.2 cm) were observed by the application of 10 tons ha-1 leguminous residues application kg ha-1, and minimum was recorded at control treatment. The maximum data of the aforementioned parameters were also noted by the sole application of 120 kg ha-1 mineral nitrogen application. The combine use of nitrogen and leguminous crop residues positively enhanced the soil and plant parameters, and maximum extractable P (5.30 mg kg-1), NPK uptake (223.5, 20.55, 94.73 kg ha-1), plant height (83.6 cm), thousand grain weight (61.92 g), grain yield (4087 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7502 kg ha-1) were recorded by the application of 120 kg ha-1 N application with 10 tons ha-1 of leguminous residues, while total N, extractable K, soil organic matter, pH and EC were not significantly affected by the combine use of nitrogen and leguminous residues. It was concluded that the uses of 120 kg ha-1 N with 10 ton ha-1 leguminous crop residues are recommended for the obtaining maximum crop yield at sustained base.
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