PJB-2022-562
Assessing yield and genotype x environment interaction in groundnut for developing climate ready stable cultivars
Muhammad Jahanzaib
Abstract
Peanut is one of the major cash crops of the arid parts of Pakistan. Moreover, the country’s changing climatic conditions are hampering its production due to perpetual droughts, rising temperatures and unpredictable precipitation. Therefore, it is imperative to develop climate adaptive stable groundnut cultivars which can perform across different agroecologies of the country. In the present experiment, yield stability of seven advanced groundnut lines across six locations was examined during two Kharif seasons of year 2018-19. The yield data was subjected to analysis of variance, stability indices and GGE biplot to determine the pattern of variation across locations. The groundnut yield across six experimental sites ranged from 1180 to 4065 with average of 2433 kg/ha. Highest groundnut yield was recorded (4522 kg/ha) in genotype BARI--2011 at Umerkot. Whereas the genotype ICG-11855 had the minimum yield average across different locations. Location-wise, highest average was recorded in Umerkot followed by Attock and NARC Islamabad. Genotypes exhibited significant variation for yield and stability attributes which demonstrated potential of selection to identify zone-specific cultivars. The analysis of variance showed that most of the variation was contributed by environment. Strong genotype x environment interaction was observed as per GGE biplot analysis. Conclusively, the analyses revealed 13CG003, 11AK011 and 10AK003 are potential candidates for approval as they exhibited stable and better yield across the locations. It is recommended that further evaluation of breeding materials should be carried out in all the agroecological zones of the country to determine the extent of GxE interaction as well as identify stable genotypes for the country.
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