PJB-2022-535
EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS, HUMIC ACID AND FARMYARD MANURE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE
Mehran Khan
Abstract
EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS, HUMIC ACID AND FARMYARD MANURE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE
Mehran Khan and Amanullah
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences
The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan
November, 2022
ABSTRACT
Each crop had a specific nutritional requirement and level but cereal responding very positively to organic and inorganic fertilizers. Nutrient management especially phosphorus management is very important for improving maize productivity. Therefore, this experiment was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan during spring 2022. The experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design having three replications. Each replication consisted of 18 treatments (3 × 3 x 2= 18) with three phosphorus levels, three humic acid levels, and two farmyard manure levels. A plot size of 4.2m 3.5m, with 6 rows and R to R and P to P distance of 70 cm and 25 cm respectively was used. Hybrid maize (CS-200) was sown at a seed rate of 30 kg ha-1 in the first week of March 2022. The required amount of phosphorus (0, 45, and 90 kg ha-1) was applied using DAP at the time of sowing. Similarly, various amounts of humic acid (0, 6 and 12 kg ha-1) were applied during sowing, while FYM (5 t ha-1) was applied one month before sowing. Recommended dose of nitrogen (120 kg ha-1) was applied in two equal splits (half at sowing and half at knee height). Experiments results revealed that the highest rate of 90 kg P ha-1 significantly early days to tasseling (51 days), silking (58 days) and maturity (103 days), increased leaf area (416 cm2), leaf area index (4.12), plant height (162 cm), grains row-1 (45), rows ear-1 (13), number of grains ear-1 (497), weight of 1000 grains (309 g), grain yield (4495 kg ha-1) and biological yield (12515 kg ha-1). Application of humic acid at rate of 6 kg ha-1 significantly resulted in early silking (59 days) and maturity (103 days), increased number of rows ear-1 (13), grains ear-1 (457), thousand grains weight (302 g), biological yield (11864 kg ha-1) and grain yield (3910 kg ha-1) over control plot. In case of FYM, plots treated with 5 t FYM ha-1 significantly early tasseling (52 days), silking (59 days) and maturity (103 days), increased leaf area (411 cm2), leaf area index (4.08), plant height (159 cm), grains row-1 (44), rows ear-1 (12), number of grains ear-1 (447), weight of 1000 grains (303g), grain yield (4032 kg ha-1) and biological yield (11979 kg ha-1) over control FYM plot. It was concluded that phosphorus at the rate of 90 kg ha-1 and humic acid at the rate of 6 kg ha-1 along with the supplementation of farmyard manure at the rate of 5 t ha-1 is recommended for early phenological development and increased yield and yield components of maize in the study area.
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