PJB-2022-469
EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF GAMMA RADIATION AND ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE FOR INDUCING OF CHLOROPHYLL AND MACRO-MUTATIONS IN MUNGBEAN [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
RAVINDER KUMAR
Abstract
An experiment with 26 treatments of solitary application of gamma radiation (200, 400 and 600 Gy), and EMS (0.1 and 0.2%) as well as their combinations was conducted at Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (India) during Kharif-2021 (M1 generation), summer-2022 (M2 generation) and Kharif-2022 (M3 generation) for creating genetic variability in two popular archaic varieties of mungbean (Ganga-1 and GM-4). A wide spectrum of chlorophyll mutants (Chlorina, Xantha, Albina, Viridis and complex type) and morphological mutants (plant type, flower color, pod type, leaf variation and maturity type) were identified at various crop growth stages of mungbean. All mutagen treatments including solitary application of gamma radiation and EMS as well as their combinations were found effective for creating genetic variability in mungbean. The lower dose of EMS (0.1%) was found to be relatively more effective as compared to 0.2%. Similarly, the lower dose of gamma radiation (200 Gy) was also more effective than 400 and 600 Gy. However, among all treatment combinations, a combined application of 200 Gy + 0.1% EMS was found most effective in generating chlorophyll and morphological mutants in mungbean. Between two varieties of mungbean, Ganga-1 was found to be more sensitive to mutagens as compared to GM-4. Numerous mutants identified in the mutagenized population of both varieties exhibited stability and superiority in terms of agro-morphological traits over Ganga-1 and GM-4. A mutant (S-92 of GM-4) identified during M1in mutagen treatment 0.1% EMS was very deep lobbed which absolutely altered the plant morphology and appearance. This unique mutant identified in M1 generation maintained its stability in M2 and M3 generations also. The leaf color of this mutant was darker than the original leaf color of GM-4 and found relatively more moisture stress tolerant.
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