PJB-2022-444
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE ROOTS OF MALVESTRUM COROMANDELIANUM (L.) GARCKE
Sheem
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and the biological activities of the roots extract of Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude extract revealed the presence of secondary metabolites, belonging to the terpenoids, steroid, flavonoid, and alkaloids classes. The crude extract exhibited moderate activity against selected pathogens; Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Anti-leishmanial assay of the crude extract showed 67 % inhibition against the Leishmania tropica promastigotes at 1000 μg/mL. The extract also displayed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity. Interestingly, the crude extract showed lower red blood cell hemolysis (28%) at the highest concentration. Moreover, the GC-MS analysis of semi-pure fractions of the bioactive crude extract revealed the presence of sixteen saturated and unsaturated compounds, such as 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid diisooctyl ester (50.60%), 7-methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (20.99%), oleic acid (7.37%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (7.37%), [1,1':4',1''-terphenyl]-2,2''-diamine (4.83%), 6-methyl-octadecane (4.39%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (2.79%), nonanoic acid (2.31%), Z-(13,14-epoxy)tetradec-11-en-1-ol (1.53%), eicosane (0.73%), 9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol (0.48%), β-sitosterol (0.45%), neopentyl glycol, dibenzoate (0.38%), Ar-turmerone (0.27%), cyclopropanedecanoic acid (0.16%), and 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether (0.14%). These preliminary studies on the roots of M. coromandelianum suggest that the underground part has the potential of being a source of potent bioactive metabolites.
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